clinical unipolar depression

"it is estimated that approximately 15% of the population will face clinical depression at least once in their lives" (Schaefer, 2008)

Subjective concomitants:
1. feeling of sadness, negative emotions such as anxiety, anger, shame and guilty
2. feeling of worthlessness and extremely low self-esteem, self-confidence and self-image
3. incapable to overcome obstacles, even small ones
4. loss of, interest and pleasure
5. engage in risky behavior
6. think of suicide

Cognitive concomitants:
1. memory impairments
2. low performance in cognitive task
3. negative thinking

Physical concomitants:
1. physical pain
2. vulnerable to other diseases as immune system is knocked down
3. fatigue
4. decreased sexual drive
5. sleep problem: insomnia and hypersomnia (can't sleep or sleep too much)
6. weight loss or gain
7. gastric problem

Consequences:
1. low level of positive emotions after depression is over
2. sleep disorder
3. changes of hippocampus (hippocampus is mainly for memory)

Credit given to Schaefer (2008)
For more resources see also Kring, A.M. & Bachorowski, J.A.(1999). Emotions and Psychopathology, Cognition and Emotion. 13(5), 575-599